Imikorere myiza, ijyanye n'ibyo sisitemu zifunguye z'amazi zikeneye
Iyi vali yo kuzuza yibanda ku buryo bwo gukoresha sisitemu zifunguye za hydraulic. Ishyirwa hagati ya pompe n'igikoresho cya kabiri cya hydraulic (nk'ivali yo kuyobora ingufu, silinda, nibindi), kandi ifata inshingano z'ingenzi zo kuzuza accumulator mu buryo bungana. Inshingano yayo y'ingenzi ni "kuzuza igihe cyose bikenewe". Dukurikije ibisabwa na sisitemu, ishobora gufata amavuta muri pompe yo kuzuza accumulator, kurangiza kuzuza ku muvuduko uhamye w'amazi munsi y'umuvuduko ushyizweho, no kugumana imiterere yo kuzuza mu rugero rw'umuvuduko ushyizweho.
Mu gihe cyo kuzuza, nubwo urujya n'uruza rw'igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi cyo hasi kizagabanuka, ntabwo bizabangamira cyane imikorere isanzwe y'igice. Igihe cyose valve yo kuzuza idabangamiye urujya n'uruza rw'ipompe no kohereza umuvuduko, igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi cyo hasi gishobora kubona umuvuduko wose wa sisitemu kugira ngo imbaraga za sisitemu zirusheho gusohoka neza. Muri icyo gihe, urujya n'uruza rw'amashanyarazi yo hejuru n'iyo hasi y'umuvuduko wa accumulator bishobora gushyirwaho uko bikenewe mu gikorwa cyo gukora, bigatanga ibisubizo byihariye byo kuzuza sisitemu za hydraulic mu bihe bitandukanye by'akazi.
Imiyoboro imwe n'ibiri, ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi bikoreshwa
Iyi porogaramu itanga imiterere ibiri, uruziga rumwe n'uruziga rubiri, isobanura neza ibyo sisitemu za hydraulic zifite imiterere itandukanye. Igereranya ryihariye ni iri rikurikira:
| Ibipimo byo kugereranya | Valve yo kuzuza umurongo umwe | Valve yo kuzuza imiyoboro ibiri |
| Ibintu bifatika bishobora kubaho | Ibintu bifite imiterere yoroheje ya sisitemu hamwe n'ibisabwa byinshi kugira ngo uruziga rumwe rugenge, nk'uruziga rumwe rugenzura ibikorwa by'imashini nto z'ubwubatsi (urugero, uruziga ruto rwo kwagura no gukuraho rw'icyuma gito gicukura, nibindi) | Sisitemu zigoye z’amazi zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya hydraulic hamwe n’ibikorwa by’ubufatanye mu buryo butandukanye, nk’imashini nini zicukura amabuye y’agaciro (zikenera kugenzura ibikorwa nko gucukura no guterura icyarimwe) n’ibikoresho binini by’imashini zikoresha hydraulic (ibintu bikoreshwa mu gutunganya amashami menshi) |
| Ibiranga | Imiterere yoroshye, igenzura neza uburyo bwo gushyushya umuriro ku muyoboro umwe, igenzura ko ingufu za hydraulic zihamye kandi zikora neza mu nzira imwe. | Ishobora gushyushya accumulators z'imiyoboro ibiri icyarimwe cyangwa ukwayo, ihuye n'ibisabwa n'umuvuduko n'umuvuduko w'imiyoboro itandukanye mu bihe bigoye byo gukora. |
| valve | Gufasha ibikoresho kurangiza ibikorwa byihariye, bikwiriye sisitemu zoroshye kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi kandi byongere imikorere myiza | Kunoza imikoranire n'imikorere myiza ya sisitemu nyinshi z'itumanaho, bigatuma ibikorwa by'ubufatanye birushaho kugenda neza kandi neza. |
Imiterere myiza cyane, ibyiza by'imikorere myiza
Ku bijyanye n'imiterere y'ibicuruzwa, iyi valve yo kuzuza igaragaza ibyiza byuzuye by'imikorere:
1. Imihangayiko n'igihe umuntu azakomeza kubaho
| Igipimo | Ibisobanuro birambuye | Agaciro |
| Ingano yo hejuru yo gushyiraho igitutu cy'umuvuduko | 70 – 200 bar | Igihe cyo gushyushya ni kinini, bigabanya inshuro imashini itangira gukora, bikagabanya ubusaza bw'ibikoresho, kandi bigatuma ubuzima bw'imashini ikoresha amashanyarazi n'uburyo bwo kuyikoresha burushaho kuba bwiza. |
2. Ubushobozi bwo gutembera n'ubushobozi bwo gutembera
| Igipimo | Ibisobanuro birambuye | Agaciro |
| Ibisobanuro by'Iterambere ry'Ishariji | 3/6/10/25Lpm, hari amahitamo menshi aboneka | Hindura neza uburyo bworoshye bwo guhuza na sisitemu zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye mu mikorere |
| Ubushobozi bwo gutembera ku cyambu cya Bypass | 5 – 113Lpm | Menya neza ko amavuta ya hydraulic azenguruka neza |
| Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko w'aho unyura (iyo amazi atemba < 40Lpm) | Akabari ka 5 | Kugabanya igihombo cy'umuvuduko no kunoza imikorere myiza y'ingufu mu buryo bw'imikorere |
3. Imiterere n'ibidukikije bihuye
| Igipimo | Ibisobanuro birambuye | Agaciro |
| Igishushanyo mbonera cy'inyubako | Imiterere mito | Byoroshye gushyiraho no gushyiramo ahantu hato, bihaza ibyo guhuza sisitemu za hydraulic ku bikoresho bitandukanye. |
| Uburyo bwo Gukora | Amavuta ya hydraulic ashingiye ku mabuye y'agaciro | Ikoreshwa cyane, rikwiriye sisitemu nyinshi z'amazi |
| Urugendo rw'ubucucike | 2.8 – 380mm²/s | Ishobora gukora neza ahantu hafite imiterere itandukanye ya peteroli |
| Ingano y'ubushyuhe bw'amavuta ya Hydraulic | -30℃ kugeza 107℃ | Ishobora gukora neza ahantu hagoye nko mu bukonje bukabije n'ubushyuhe bwinshi |
| Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'isuku | Yubahiriza icyiciro cya 18/16/13 n'ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ISO3446 | Menya neza ko imikorere ikorwa neza mu gihe cy'akazi gakomeye, bigabanye kwangirika guterwa n'umwanda wa peteroli yo mu mazi. |
| Umuvuduko ntarengwa w'injira | Udupapuro 210 | Bikwiriye imikorere y'umuvuduko mwinshi, bifasha sisitemu kugumana umutekano |
4. Uburyo bwo guhitamo
Uretse imiterere y’urusobe rw’amashanyarazi (single/dual circuit configuration), vali zo hejuru n’ibindi bice bishobora gutoranywa kugira ngo birusheho kwagura imikorere y’ibicuruzwa, bihuze n’ibyo abakoresha batandukanye bakeneye, kandi bitange uburyo bworoshye bwo gushushanya sisitemu ya hydraulic. Impuguke mu nganda zavuze ko iyi vali yo kuzuza ifite urusobe rw’amashanyarazi (single-circuit/dual-circuit fluid) itanga inkunga y’ingenzi mu mikorere myiza ya sisitemu ya hydraulic ifunguye hamwe n’imiterere yayo iboneye, uburyo butandukanye bwo guhuza ahantu hamwe n’imikorere myiza. Gutangiza kwayo ntibizafasha gusa kunoza imikorere no guhagarara kw’ibikoresho bitandukanye bya hydraulic, ahubwo bizanateza imbere kuvugurura ibikoresho n’udushya mu ikoranabuhanga mu nganda nka imashini z’ubuhanga, ibyuma, n’inganda, bigashyira imbaraga nshya mu iterambere ry’inganda za hydraulic. Hamwe no kwiyongera kw’iterambere ry’isoko no kurikoresha, byitezwe ko izaba urugero rw’ibipimo byo kuzuza vali muri sisitemu ya hydraulic ifunguye, biganisha inganda ku ntambwe nziza kandi y’iterambere ry’ubwenge.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-09-2025