Kuki pedali imwe y'ikirenge ikoreshwa cyane mu mashini z'ubwubatsi?

Muri sisitemu zo kugenzura hydraulic z'imashini z'ubwubatsi nka za loaders, cranes, na excuvers, pedal imwe ikoreshwa mu kugenzura hydraulic ni isanzwe cyane. Ni ubuhe "buhanga" yishingikirizaho kugira ngo ibe "umushyitsi uhoraho" muri sisitemu ya hydraulic y'ibyo bikoresho? Inyuma y'ibi hari ingaruka z'uko imiterere yayo ihujwe cyane n'ahantu hakorerwa imashini z'ubwubatsi.

Ishingiro ry'ikirenge kimwe gikoreshwa mu kugenzura amashanyarazi ni valve y'ikirenge ikoreshwa mu buryo bwa mechanical, kandi uburyo bwo gukora bw'ibanze ntabwo bugoye: iyo ukandagiye cyangwa urekuye pedale y'ikirenge, gufungura no gufunga kwa valve y'imbere biragenzurwa, bityo bigatuma sisitemu ya hydraulic icika ndetse n'icyerekezo cy'amazi anyuramo. Uburyo busa n'ubworoshye bwo gukora bushobora kugira akamaro kadasanzwe mu mikorere y'imashini z'ubwubatsi.

1. Guhuza ibikorwa: shyira amaboko yawe mu mwanya wayo kandi wibande ku mirimo y'ingenzi

Imirimo y'imashini z'ubwubatsi ikunze gusaba guhuza ibikorwa byinshi. Dufashe urugero rw'icyuma gicukura, umukoresha agomba kugenzura gucukura no gupakurura indobo, no guhindura imiterere y'icyuma gicukura n'ukuboko kwacyo. Amaboko yombi afite inshingano zikomeye zo gukora neza. Kugaragara kwa pedali imwe y'ikirenge igenzura hydraulic bituma "ikirenge" kiba igikoresho gishya cyo kugenzura sisitemu ya hydraulic - mu gukandagira pedali, inzira cyangwa icyerekezo cy'uruziga rwa hydraulic bishobora guhindurwa hatabayeho guhagarika igikorwa cy'intoki. Urugero, iyo icyuma gicukura kiri kuringaniza aho cyashyizwe, pedali y'ikirenge igenzura ibirenge igenzura umuvuduko wa hydraulic wa boom, kandi amaboko yombi yibanda ku kuringaniza gato kw'indobo. Uburyo bwo gukora burasobanutse neza kandi imikorere irushaho kuba myiza.

Mu gihe cyo gupakurura umukingo, umushoferi agomba kugenzura inguni y’indobo itembera n’imodoka igenda icyarimwe. Ipineri imwe y’ikirenge cy’amazi ituma ikirenge gifata inshingano zo kugenzura umuvuduko wa hydraulic mu ndobo, kandi amaboko yombi ashobora gukoresha neza uruziga rw’imodoka no kugenzura umuvuduko w’imodoka, bigatuma aho ipakurura imodoka harushaho kuba heza, birinda ko ibikoresho byameneka, kandi kunoza imiterere y’ubwubatsi. Ubu buryo bwo "gutandukanya abakozi n’intoki" bwujuje ibisabwa mu guhuza ibikorwa byinshi by’imashini z’ubuhanga, bunoza cyane uburambe bw’imikorere, kandi bugabanya umunaniro w’umukoresha.

2. Guhindura imikorere: byoroshye kandi byumvikana, guhangana n'imimerere igoye yo gukora

(I) Imikorere y'icyerekezo cy'ibiri n'uburyo bwo kuyitunganya neza

Imiterere y'akazi imashini zikora mu by'ubuhanga ihura nayo ni myinshi kandi itandukanye, kandi uburyo bworoshye bwo kugenzura hydraulic buri hejuru cyane. Valve nyinshi za hydraulic foot zishyigikira imikorere y'impande zombi. Uretse imirimo y'ibanze yo gufungura valve uyikandagiraho no kuyifunga uyirekura, hari imiterere imwe ishobora no guhindura imbaraga z'ipedal n'ingufu z'ipedal.

Dufashe urugero rw'ibikorwa byo guterura ibyuma, guterura ibintu bifite uburemere butandukanye bisaba umuvuduko utandukanye w'amazi. Mu guhindura uburyo pedal ikoreshwa, icyuho cya valve gishobora kugenzurwa kugira ngo habeho impinduka nto mu muvuduko w'amazi akoreshwa muri hydraulic, bigatuma boom lift no kugwa birushaho gukomera no kwirinda ko ibintu biremereye binyeganyega. Mu gihe cyo gusya imashini icukura, imbaraga za pedal zigenzurwa hakurikijwe ubukana bw'urutare kugira ngo hagenzurwe inshuro n'imbaraga za nyundo kugira ngo ihuze n'ubukana butandukanye bw'ubwubatsi no kunoza ingaruka z'imikorere. Ubu bushobozi bwo guhindura butuma pedal imwe igenzura ibirenge bya hydraulic "ihuzwa n'imimerere yo mu gace" kandi ihuzwe n'imimerere itandukanye y'akazi.

(II) Umuherekeza wizewe kandi urambye, uhamye kandi uhoraho

Imiterere y'imikorere y'imashini z'ubwubatsi irakomeye, kandi sisitemu ya hydraulic ihura n'umuvuduko mwinshi n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere igihe kirekire, ibyo bikaba bishyiraho amabwiriza akomeye ku buryo ibice byayo byizerwa. Ipine imwe y'ikirenge igenzurwa na hydraulic ikozwe mu bikoresho bidashira kandi birwanya umuvuduko mwinshi. Igice cy'imashini n'imiterere yo kuzifunga biranogeye kandi bishobora gukora neza mu kirere gifite umuvuduko mwinshi wa hydraulic, bigatuma birinda ibibazo byo kuva.

Imashini zikora mu birombe zihura n'umukungugu, uduce duto, n'ingufu nyinshi za hydraulic. Ibikoresho bidashobora kwangirika by'imashini bishobora kwangirika igihe kirekire, kandi kwangirika kw'umuvuduko mwinshi bituma imashini ikomeza gufunga neza iyo umuvuduko w'imashini uhindagurika. Nubwo ikoreshwa igihe kirekire, imikorere yayo iragabanuka buhoro buhoro, bigabanura igihe cyo kudakora kw'ibikoresho bitewe n'igabanuka ry'ibice, bigatuma imirimo ikomeza, kandi "igatwikira" iterambere ry'umushinga.

3. Uburyo bwo gusaba gukomeye: kuzuza icyuho cy'imikorere y'ubuyobozi bw'amazi

Sisitemu y'amazi y'imashini z'ubwubatsi isaba uburyo bworoshye, bunoze kandi bugoye bwo kugenzura imikorere. Vali zikoreshwa n'intoki zikenera ibikoresho byo gukoresha intoki kandi zoroshye "gukora cyane" mu bihe byo guhuza ibikorwa byinshi; nubwo vali ikoreshwa n'amashanyarazi ari nziza, igengwa n'ikiguzi, insinga n'uburyo bwo guhuza ibidukikije (nk'ahantu hatose n'ivumbi bishobora kwangirika).

Ipineri imwe igenzura amashanyarazi yirinda inenge zimwe na zimwe za valves zikoreshwa n'intoki na valves zigenzura amashanyarazi hamwe n'uburyo bwo "gukora imiterere ya mechanical + foot": nta nsinga zikomeye zisabwa, nta bwoba bwo kwivanga n'ibidukikije bikomeye, kandi amahame yoroshye kandi yizewe ya mechanical akoreshwa kugira ngo hagerwe ku mikorere ya "diversion" ya hydraulic control. Ihaza ku gikenewe "ibindi bikoresho bitari amaboko" mu kugenzura hydraulic imashini z'ubwubatsi, bigatuma inzira yo gukora iba nziza kandi ikora neza, kandi ihinduka "ihitamo risanzwe" rya sisitemu za hydraulic za loaders, cranes, imashini zicukura n'ibindi bikoresho.

Kuva ku kunoza imikorere myiza, kugeza ku buryo bunoze kandi burambye bwo guhuza imikorere, kugeza ku kuzuza icyuho cy’ibikenewe cyane mu gihe cy’aho ibintu bibera, pedali imwe y’ikirenge igenzura amashanyarazi ihura cyane n’ibikenewe mu gihe cy’ibikorwa by’imashini z’ubwubatsi ifite imiterere yayo. Nubwo ari nto, igira uruhare runini mu "guhuza imikorere" y’imashini z’ubwubatsi, ifasha imashini z’ubwubatsi gukora neza kandi neza mu bihe bigoye byo gukora, ikaba "intwari ikorera inyuma y’aho ibintu bibera" mu guteza imbere iterambere ry’ubwubatsi bw’ubuhanga, ndetse no gusobanura ishingiro ry’ibice by’inganda bikoreshwa cyane bitewe no "guhuza neza n’aho ibintu bibera".